Who Was Gustavus Adolphus? The Lion of the North
The king who upset the balance of power in 17th-century Europe. But could he have achieved more?
How Did WW1 Shape the Axis Leaders of WW2?
The formative World War I experiences that drove the ideologies and ambitions of Axis leaders in World War II
Pepin the Short: The First Carolingian King
Pepin established the Carolingian dynasty and laid the foundation of a strong Frankish state.
Fatima Al-Fihri: Founder of the World’s Oldest University
In the 9th century, Fatima Al-Fihri founded a center of learning and worship. Her legacy lives on to this day.
Who Were the Ancient Sumerians?
6,000 years ago, ancient Sumerians created a blueprint for civilization.
Mexican Muralism: Modern Art or State Propaganda?
The Mexican Revolution transformed Mexico. One response to the changes was Mexican Muralism.
The Galveston Hurricane of 1900: What Happened?
Galveston’s tragic fall in a deadly storm and Houston’s rise to economic power.
Visions of the Future from the Victorian Era
What did the future look like in an era of progress under one of history's most powerful women?
The Picts: Rome’s Worst Enemy
The Picts—indigenous warriors of the Western world who brought the fight to Rome’s border.
Charlemagne: The Greatest Conqueror of the Middle Ages?
Charlemagne—unifier of Europe, protector of Christianity, and the first emperor of the Carolingian dynasty.